Books

• Technology and Science in Ancient Civilzations (Westport:Prager, 2009)
• Science and Scientism in 19th Century Europe (Champaign-Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008) 
• Science and Religion in the West: 1450-1900: From Copernicus to Darwin (Westport: Greenwood Press, November, 2004) paperback, 2006, from Johns Hopkins University Press.  Chinese translation, Shandong People’s Press, 2008.
• The Emergence of the Social Sciences, 1642-1792, New York: Twayne Press, 1993.
• Science Deified and Science Defied: The Historical Significance of Science in Western Culture, Vol. 2: 1620-1820, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1990.
• Science Deified and Science Defied: The Historical Significance of Science in Western Culture, Vol. 1: From the Bronze Age to 1620, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1982.
• Scottish Philosophy and British Physics, 1750-1850: Foundations of the Victorian Scientific Style, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1975 (Italian translation, Bologna: Societa Editrice il Mulino, 1982).
• Editor, Science as Metaphor, Belmont: Wadsworth, 1971
• Editor, The Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists (5 vols.), New York, London, & Toronto: Marshall Cavendish,1998 (for secondary school audience)

Articles and Invited Chapters in Books

• "The Human Sciences", in Roy Porter, ed., The Eighteenth Century, Volume 4 in The Cambridge History of Science (6 volumes) , general editors, David Lindberg and Ronald Numbers. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2003, pp. 436-462. 
• "The ‘Science Wars': In the 1990's and the 1830's" (Forthcoming in Naturvitenskap og filosofi, University of Bergen)
• "The Scientific Revolution Reshapes the World," The World & I, 14 #4 (April, 1999):18-39.
• "Sex and status in Scottish Enlightenment social science: John Millar and the sociology of gender roles," History of the Human Sciences, 11(1998): 73-100.
• "The Human Sciences", forthcoming in Roy Porter, ed., The Eighteenth Century in The  Cambridge History of Science (6 volumes), general editors, David Lindberg and Ronald Numbers (refereed)
• "Physics" forthcoming in the Garland Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, Gary Ferngren, ed. (refereed)
• "Whose is the Higher Superstition: Reflections on the Contemporary Culture Wars," Skeptic,4 #2 (1996):32-35; and "Where is Knowingness To Be Found: A Reply to Norman Levitt," Skeptic,#4 (1997):83-84.
• "Spirits, Witches and Science: Why the Rise of Science Encouraged Belief in the 'Supernatural' in 17th Century England," Skeptic,1 #4 (1992), 34-44.
• "Historical Reflections on Feminist Critiques of Science: The Scientific Background to Modern Feminism," History Of Science,28 (1990): 125-147.
• Introductory essays to six chapters in John Burke, ed., Science and Culture in the Western Tradition, Scottsdale: Gorsuch Scarisbrick, 1987.
• "On the Nature of God's Existence, Wisdom, and Power: The Interplay of Organic and Mechanistic Imagery in Anglican Natural Theology, 1640-1740," pp. 1-48, in Fred Burwick, ed., Approaches to Organic Form, Dordrecht: Reidel, 1986.
• "Aristophanes and the Anti-Scientific Tradition," pp. 441-454, in Everett Mendelssohn, ed., Tradition and Transformation in the Sciences, Essays in Honor of I. Bernard Cohen, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
• "Tory-High Church Opposition to Scientism," pp. 171-204, in John Burke, ed., The Uses of Science in the Age of Newton, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1983.
• "Science, Scientism, and Anti Science in Hellenic Athens," History of Science,16 (1978): 179-189.
• "Scientists Are Losing Their Intellectual Arrogance," Psychology Today (January 1976): 70ff (German translation in Psychologie Heute, 1978).
• "Scottish Philosophy and Mathematics," Journal of the History of Ideas,32, (1971): 29-44.
• "The Gould Controversy at Dudley Observatory: Public and Professional Values in Conflict," Annals of Science, 27 (1971): 265-270.
• "Count Rumford, Sir John Leslie, and the Study of the Nature and Propagation of Heat in the Early 19th Century," Annals of Science,26 (1970): 274-304.
• "The Reception of Boscovich's Ideas in Scotland," Isis,60 (1969):91-103.
• "Sir John Leslie and the Laws of Electrical Conduction in Solids," American Journal of Physics, 37 (1969): 190-194.